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    Subject[PATCH 5.15 495/530] md/raid5: Wait for MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING in raid5d
    Date
    From: Logan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>

    [ Upstream commit 5e2cf333b7bd5d3e62595a44d598a254c697cd74 ]

    A complicated deadlock exists when using the journal and an elevated
    group_thrtead_cnt. It was found with loop devices, but its not clear
    whether it can be seen with real disks. The deadlock can occur simply
    by writing data with an fio script.

    When the deadlock occurs, multiple threads will hang in different ways:

    1) The group threads will hang in the blk-wbt code with bios waiting to
    be submitted to the block layer:

    io_schedule+0x70/0xb0
    rq_qos_wait+0x153/0x210
    wbt_wait+0x115/0x1b0
    io_schedule+0x70/0xb0
    rq_qos_wait+0x153/0x210
    wbt_wait+0x115/0x1b0
    __rq_qos_throttle+0x38/0x60
    blk_mq_submit_bio+0x589/0xcd0
    wbt_wait+0x115/0x1b0
    __rq_qos_throttle+0x38/0x60
    blk_mq_submit_bio+0x589/0xcd0
    __submit_bio+0xe6/0x100
    submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x42e/0x470
    submit_bio_noacct+0x4c2/0xbb0
    ops_run_io+0x46b/0x1a30
    handle_stripe+0xcd3/0x36b0
    handle_active_stripes.constprop.0+0x6f6/0xa60
    raid5_do_work+0x177/0x330

    Or:
    io_schedule+0x70/0xb0
    rq_qos_wait+0x153/0x210
    wbt_wait+0x115/0x1b0
    __rq_qos_throttle+0x38/0x60
    blk_mq_submit_bio+0x589/0xcd0
    __submit_bio+0xe6/0x100
    submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x42e/0x470
    submit_bio_noacct+0x4c2/0xbb0
    flush_deferred_bios+0x136/0x170
    raid5_do_work+0x262/0x330

    2) The r5l_reclaim thread will hang in the same way, submitting a
    bio to the block layer:

    io_schedule+0x70/0xb0
    rq_qos_wait+0x153/0x210
    wbt_wait+0x115/0x1b0
    __rq_qos_throttle+0x38/0x60
    blk_mq_submit_bio+0x589/0xcd0
    __submit_bio+0xe6/0x100
    submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x42e/0x470
    submit_bio_noacct+0x4c2/0xbb0
    submit_bio+0x3f/0xf0
    md_super_write+0x12f/0x1b0
    md_update_sb.part.0+0x7c6/0xff0
    md_update_sb+0x30/0x60
    r5l_do_reclaim+0x4f9/0x5e0
    r5l_reclaim_thread+0x69/0x30b

    However, before hanging, the MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING flag will be
    set for sb_flags in r5l_write_super_and_discard_space(). This
    flag will never be cleared because the submit_bio() call never
    returns.

    3) Due to the MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING flag being set, handle_stripe()
    will do no processing on any pending stripes and re-set
    STRIPE_HANDLE. This will cause the raid5d thread to enter an
    infinite loop, constantly trying to handle the same stripes
    stuck in the queue.

    The raid5d thread has a blk_plug that holds a number of bios
    that are also stuck waiting seeing the thread is in a loop
    that never schedules. These bios have been accounted for by
    blk-wbt thus preventing the other threads above from
    continuing when they try to submit bios. --Deadlock.

    To fix this, add the same wait_event() that is used in raid5_do_work()
    to raid5d() such that if MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING is set, the thread will
    schedule and wait until the flag is cleared. The schedule action will
    flush the plug which will allow the r5l_reclaim thread to continue,
    thus preventing the deadlock.

    However, md_check_recovery() calls can also clear MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING
    from the same thread and can thus deadlock if the thread is put to
    sleep. So avoid waiting if md_check_recovery() is being called in the
    loop.

    It's not clear when the deadlock was introduced, but the similar
    wait_event() call in raid5_do_work() was added in 2017 by this
    commit:

    16d997b78b15 ("md/raid5: simplfy delaying of writes while metadata
    is updated.")

    Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/7f3b87b6-b52a-f737-51d7-a4eec5c44112@deltatee.com
    Signed-off-by: Logan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
    Signed-off-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
    Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
    ---
    drivers/md/raid5.c | 12 ++++++++++++
    1 file changed, 12 insertions(+)

    --- a/drivers/md/raid5.c
    +++ b/drivers/md/raid5.c
    @@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
    */

    #include <linux/blkdev.h>
    +#include <linux/delay.h>
    #include <linux/kthread.h>
    #include <linux/raid/pq.h>
    #include <linux/async_tx.h>
    @@ -6521,7 +6522,18 @@ static void raid5d(struct md_thread *thr
    spin_unlock_irq(&conf->device_lock);
    md_check_recovery(mddev);
    spin_lock_irq(&conf->device_lock);
    +
    + /*
    + * Waiting on MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING below may deadlock
    + * seeing md_check_recovery() is needed to clear
    + * the flag when using mdmon.
    + */
    + continue;
    }
    +
    + wait_event_lock_irq(mddev->sb_wait,
    + !test_bit(MD_SB_CHANGE_PENDING, &mddev->sb_flags),
    + conf->device_lock);
    }
    pr_debug("%d stripes handled\n", handled);


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