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    Subject[PATCH 5.6 048/161] x86_64: Fix jiffies ODR violation
    Date
    From: Bob Haarman <inglorion@google.com>

    commit d8ad6d39c35d2b44b3d48b787df7f3359381dcbf upstream.

    'jiffies' and 'jiffies_64' are meant to alias (two different symbols that
    share the same address). Most architectures make the symbols alias to the
    same address via a linker script assignment in their
    arch/<arch>/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S:

    jiffies = jiffies_64;

    which is effectively a definition of jiffies.

    jiffies and jiffies_64 are both forward declared for all architectures in
    include/linux/jiffies.h. jiffies_64 is defined in kernel/time/timer.c.

    x86_64 was peculiar in that it wasn't doing the above linker script
    assignment, but rather was:
    1. defining jiffies in arch/x86/kernel/time.c instead via the linker script.
    2. overriding the symbol jiffies_64 from kernel/time/timer.c in
    arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.s via 'jiffies_64 = jiffies;'.

    As Fangrui notes:

    In LLD, symbol assignments in linker scripts override definitions in
    object files. GNU ld appears to have the same behavior. It would
    probably make sense for LLD to error "duplicate symbol" but GNU ld
    is unlikely to adopt for compatibility reasons.

    This results in an ODR violation (UB), which seems to have survived
    thus far. Where it becomes harmful is when;

    1. -fno-semantic-interposition is used:

    As Fangrui notes:

    Clang after LLVM commit 5b22bcc2b70d
    ("[X86][ELF] Prefer to lower MC_GlobalAddress operands to .Lfoo$local")
    defaults to -fno-semantic-interposition similar semantics which help
    -fpic/-fPIC code avoid GOT/PLT when the referenced symbol is defined
    within the same translation unit. Unlike GCC
    -fno-semantic-interposition, Clang emits such relocations referencing
    local symbols for non-pic code as well.

    This causes references to jiffies to refer to '.Ljiffies$local' when
    jiffies is defined in the same translation unit. Likewise, references to
    jiffies_64 become references to '.Ljiffies_64$local' in translation units
    that define jiffies_64. Because these differ from the names used in the
    linker script, they will not be rewritten to alias one another.

    2. Full LTO

    Full LTO effectively treats all source files as one translation
    unit, causing these local references to be produced everywhere. When
    the linker processes the linker script, there are no longer any
    references to jiffies_64' anywhere to replace with 'jiffies'. And
    thus '.Ljiffies$local' and '.Ljiffies_64$local' no longer alias
    at all.

    In the process of porting patches enabling Full LTO from arm64 to x86_64,
    spooky bugs have been observed where the kernel appeared to boot, but init
    doesn't get scheduled.

    Avoid the ODR violation by matching other architectures and define jiffies
    only by linker script. For -fno-semantic-interposition + Full LTO, there
    is no longer a global definition of jiffies for the compiler to produce a
    local symbol which the linker script won't ensure aliases to jiffies_64.

    Fixes: 40747ffa5aa8 ("asmlinkage: Make jiffies visible")
    Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
    Reported-by: Alistair Delva <adelva@google.com>
    Debugged-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
    Debugged-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
    Suggested-by: Fangrui Song <maskray@google.com>
    Signed-off-by: Bob Haarman <inglorion@google.com>
    Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
    Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> # build+boot on
    Reviewed-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
    Reviewed-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
    Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
    Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/852
    Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200602193100.229287-1-inglorion@google.com
    Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

    ---
    arch/x86/kernel/time.c | 4 ----
    arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S | 4 ++--
    2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

    --- a/arch/x86/kernel/time.c
    +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/time.c
    @@ -25,10 +25,6 @@
    #include <asm/hpet.h>
    #include <asm/time.h>

    -#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
    -__visible volatile unsigned long jiffies __cacheline_aligned_in_smp = INITIAL_JIFFIES;
    -#endif
    -
    unsigned long profile_pc(struct pt_regs *regs)
    {
    unsigned long pc = instruction_pointer(regs);
    --- a/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
    +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
    @@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ OUTPUT_FORMAT(CONFIG_OUTPUT_FORMAT)
    #ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
    OUTPUT_ARCH(i386)
    ENTRY(phys_startup_32)
    -jiffies = jiffies_64;
    #else
    OUTPUT_ARCH(i386:x86-64)
    ENTRY(phys_startup_64)
    -jiffies_64 = jiffies;
    #endif

    +jiffies = jiffies_64;
    +
    #if defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
    /*
    * On 64-bit, align RODATA to 2MB so we retain large page mappings for

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