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SubjectRe: [PATCH RFC 11/14] arm64: Move the ASID allocator code in a separate file
From
Date
Hi,

I am CCing RISC-V folks to see if there are an interest to share the code.

@RISC-V: I noticed you are discussing about importing a version of ASID
allocator in RISC-V. At a first look, the code looks quite similar. Would the
library below helps you?

Cheers,

On 21/03/2019 16:36, Julien Grall wrote:
> We will want to re-use the ASID allocator in a separate context (e.g
> allocating VMID). So move the code in a new file.
>
> The function asid_check_context has been moved in the header as a static
> inline function because we want to avoid add a branch when checking if the
> ASID is still valid.
>
> Signed-off-by: Julien Grall <julien.grall@arm.com>
>
> ---
>
> This code will be used in the virt code for allocating VMID. I am not
> entirely sure where to place it. Lib could potentially be a good place but I
> am not entirely convinced the algo as it is could be used by other
> architecture.
>
> Looking at x86, it seems that it will not be possible to re-use because
> the number of PCID (aka ASID) could be smaller than the number of CPUs.
> See commit message 10af6235e0d327d42e1bad974385197817923dc1 "x86/mm:
> Implement PCID based optimization: try to preserve old TLB entries using
> PCI".
> ---
> arch/arm64/include/asm/asid.h | 77 ++++++++++++++
> arch/arm64/lib/Makefile | 2 +
> arch/arm64/lib/asid.c | 185 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> arch/arm64/mm/context.c | 235 +-----------------------------------------
> 4 files changed, 267 insertions(+), 232 deletions(-)
> create mode 100644 arch/arm64/include/asm/asid.h
> create mode 100644 arch/arm64/lib/asid.c
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/asid.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/asid.h
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..bb62b587f37f
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/asid.h
> @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
> +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
> +#ifndef __ASM_ASM_ASID_H
> +#define __ASM_ASM_ASID_H
> +
> +#include <linux/atomic.h>
> +#include <linux/compiler.h>
> +#include <linux/cpumask.h>
> +#include <linux/percpu.h>
> +#include <linux/spinlock.h>
> +
> +struct asid_info
> +{
> + atomic64_t generation;
> + unsigned long *map;
> + atomic64_t __percpu *active;
> + u64 __percpu *reserved;
> + u32 bits;
> + /* Lock protecting the structure */
> + raw_spinlock_t lock;
> + /* Which CPU requires context flush on next call */
> + cpumask_t flush_pending;
> + /* Number of ASID allocated by context (shift value) */
> + unsigned int ctxt_shift;
> + /* Callback to locally flush the context. */
> + void (*flush_cpu_ctxt_cb)(void);
> +};
> +
> +#define NUM_ASIDS(info) (1UL << ((info)->bits))
> +#define NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info) (NUM_ASIDS(info) >> (info)->ctxt_shift)
> +
> +#define active_asid(info, cpu) *per_cpu_ptr((info)->active, cpu)
> +
> +void asid_new_context(struct asid_info *info, atomic64_t *pasid,
> + unsigned int cpu);
> +
> +/*
> + * Check the ASID is still valid for the context. If not generate a new ASID.
> + *
> + * @pasid: Pointer to the current ASID batch
> + * @cpu: current CPU ID. Must have been acquired throught get_cpu()
> + */
> +static inline void asid_check_context(struct asid_info *info,
> + atomic64_t *pasid, unsigned int cpu)
> +{
> + u64 asid, old_active_asid;
> +
> + asid = atomic64_read(pasid);
> +
> + /*
> + * The memory ordering here is subtle.
> + * If our active_asid is non-zero and the ASID matches the current
> + * generation, then we update the active_asid entry with a relaxed
> + * cmpxchg. Racing with a concurrent rollover means that either:
> + *
> + * - We get a zero back from the cmpxchg and end up waiting on the
> + * lock. Taking the lock synchronises with the rollover and so
> + * we are forced to see the updated generation.
> + *
> + * - We get a valid ASID back from the cmpxchg, which means the
> + * relaxed xchg in flush_context will treat us as reserved
> + * because atomic RmWs are totally ordered for a given location.
> + */
> + old_active_asid = atomic64_read(&active_asid(info, cpu));
> + if (old_active_asid &&
> + !((asid ^ atomic64_read(&info->generation)) >> info->bits) &&
> + atomic64_cmpxchg_relaxed(&active_asid(info, cpu),
> + old_active_asid, asid))
> + return;
> +
> + asid_new_context(info, pasid, cpu);
> +}
> +
> +int asid_allocator_init(struct asid_info *info,
> + u32 bits, unsigned int asid_per_ctxt,
> + void (*flush_cpu_ctxt_cb)(void));
> +
> +#endif
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/lib/Makefile b/arch/arm64/lib/Makefile
> index 5540a1638baf..720df5ee2aa2 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/lib/Makefile
> +++ b/arch/arm64/lib/Makefile
> @@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ lib-y := clear_user.o delay.o copy_from_user.o \
> memcmp.o strcmp.o strncmp.o strlen.o strnlen.o \
> strchr.o strrchr.o tishift.o
>
> +lib-y += asid.o
> +
> ifeq ($(CONFIG_KERNEL_MODE_NEON), y)
> obj-$(CONFIG_XOR_BLOCKS) += xor-neon.o
> CFLAGS_REMOVE_xor-neon.o += -mgeneral-regs-only
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/lib/asid.c b/arch/arm64/lib/asid.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..72b71bfb32be
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/arch/arm64/lib/asid.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
> +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
> +/*
> + * Generic ASID allocator.
> + *
> + * Based on arch/arm/mm/context.c
> + *
> + * Copyright (C) 2002-2003 Deep Blue Solutions Ltd, all rights reserved.
> + * Copyright (C) 2012 ARM Ltd.
> + */
> +
> +#include <linux/slab.h>
> +
> +#include <asm/asid.h>
> +
> +#define reserved_asid(info, cpu) *per_cpu_ptr((info)->reserved, cpu)
> +
> +#define ASID_MASK(info) (~GENMASK((info)->bits - 1, 0))
> +#define ASID_FIRST_VERSION(info) (1UL << ((info)->bits))
> +
> +#define asid2idx(info, asid) (((asid) & ~ASID_MASK(info)) >> (info)->ctxt_shift)
> +#define idx2asid(info, idx) (((idx) << (info)->ctxt_shift) & ~ASID_MASK(info))
> +
> +static void flush_context(struct asid_info *info)
> +{
> + int i;
> + u64 asid;
> +
> + /* Update the list of reserved ASIDs and the ASID bitmap. */
> + bitmap_clear(info->map, 0, NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info));
> +
> + for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
> + asid = atomic64_xchg_relaxed(&active_asid(info, i), 0);
> + /*
> + * If this CPU has already been through a
> + * rollover, but hasn't run another task in
> + * the meantime, we must preserve its reserved
> + * ASID, as this is the only trace we have of
> + * the process it is still running.
> + */
> + if (asid == 0)
> + asid = reserved_asid(info, i);
> + __set_bit(asid2idx(info, asid), info->map);
> + reserved_asid(info, i) = asid;
> + }
> +
> + /*
> + * Queue a TLB invalidation for each CPU to perform on next
> + * context-switch
> + */
> + cpumask_setall(&info->flush_pending);
> +}
> +
> +static bool check_update_reserved_asid(struct asid_info *info, u64 asid,
> + u64 newasid)
> +{
> + int cpu;
> + bool hit = false;
> +
> + /*
> + * Iterate over the set of reserved ASIDs looking for a match.
> + * If we find one, then we can update our mm to use newasid
> + * (i.e. the same ASID in the current generation) but we can't
> + * exit the loop early, since we need to ensure that all copies
> + * of the old ASID are updated to reflect the mm. Failure to do
> + * so could result in us missing the reserved ASID in a future
> + * generation.
> + */
> + for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
> + if (reserved_asid(info, cpu) == asid) {
> + hit = true;
> + reserved_asid(info, cpu) = newasid;
> + }
> + }
> +
> + return hit;
> +}
> +
> +static u64 new_context(struct asid_info *info, atomic64_t *pasid)
> +{
> + static u32 cur_idx = 1;
> + u64 asid = atomic64_read(pasid);
> + u64 generation = atomic64_read(&info->generation);
> +
> + if (asid != 0) {
> + u64 newasid = generation | (asid & ~ASID_MASK(info));
> +
> + /*
> + * If our current ASID was active during a rollover, we
> + * can continue to use it and this was just a false alarm.
> + */
> + if (check_update_reserved_asid(info, asid, newasid))
> + return newasid;
> +
> + /*
> + * We had a valid ASID in a previous life, so try to re-use
> + * it if possible.
> + */
> + if (!__test_and_set_bit(asid2idx(info, asid), info->map))
> + return newasid;
> + }
> +
> + /*
> + * Allocate a free ASID. If we can't find one, take a note of the
> + * currently active ASIDs and mark the TLBs as requiring flushes. We
> + * always count from ASID #2 (index 1), as we use ASID #0 when setting
> + * a reserved TTBR0 for the init_mm and we allocate ASIDs in even/odd
> + * pairs.
> + */
> + asid = find_next_zero_bit(info->map, NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info), cur_idx);
> + if (asid != NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info))
> + goto set_asid;
> +
> + /* We're out of ASIDs, so increment the global generation count */
> + generation = atomic64_add_return_relaxed(ASID_FIRST_VERSION(info),
> + &info->generation);
> + flush_context(info);
> +
> + /* We have more ASIDs than CPUs, so this will always succeed */
> + asid = find_next_zero_bit(info->map, NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info), 1);
> +
> +set_asid:
> + __set_bit(asid, info->map);
> + cur_idx = asid;
> + return idx2asid(info, asid) | generation;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Generate a new ASID for the context.
> + *
> + * @pasid: Pointer to the current ASID batch allocated. It will be updated
> + * with the new ASID batch.
> + * @cpu: current CPU ID. Must have been acquired through get_cpu()
> + */
> +void asid_new_context(struct asid_info *info, atomic64_t *pasid,
> + unsigned int cpu)
> +{
> + unsigned long flags;
> + u64 asid;
> +
> + raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&info->lock, flags);
> + /* Check that our ASID belongs to the current generation. */
> + asid = atomic64_read(pasid);
> + if ((asid ^ atomic64_read(&info->generation)) >> info->bits) {
> + asid = new_context(info, pasid);
> + atomic64_set(pasid, asid);
> + }
> +
> + if (cpumask_test_and_clear_cpu(cpu, &info->flush_pending))
> + info->flush_cpu_ctxt_cb();
> +
> + atomic64_set(&active_asid(info, cpu), asid);
> + raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&info->lock, flags);
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Initialize the ASID allocator
> + *
> + * @info: Pointer to the asid allocator structure
> + * @bits: Number of ASIDs available
> + * @asid_per_ctxt: Number of ASIDs to allocate per-context. ASIDs are
> + * allocated contiguously for a given context. This value should be a power of
> + * 2.
> + */
> +int asid_allocator_init(struct asid_info *info,
> + u32 bits, unsigned int asid_per_ctxt,
> + void (*flush_cpu_ctxt_cb)(void))
> +{
> + info->bits = bits;
> + info->ctxt_shift = ilog2(asid_per_ctxt);
> + info->flush_cpu_ctxt_cb = flush_cpu_ctxt_cb;
> + /*
> + * Expect allocation after rollover to fail if we don't have at least
> + * one more ASID than CPUs. ASID #0 is always reserved.
> + */
> + WARN_ON(NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info) - 1 <= num_possible_cpus());
> + atomic64_set(&info->generation, ASID_FIRST_VERSION(info));
> + info->map = kcalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info)),
> + sizeof(*info->map), GFP_KERNEL);
> + if (!info->map)
> + return -ENOMEM;
> +
> + raw_spin_lock_init(&info->lock);
> +
> + return 0;
> +}
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/context.c b/arch/arm64/mm/context.c
> index 678a57b77c91..95ee7711a2ef 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/mm/context.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/mm/context.c
> @@ -22,47 +22,22 @@
> #include <linux/slab.h>
> #include <linux/mm.h>
>
> +#include <asm/asid.h>
> #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
> #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
> #include <asm/smp.h>
> #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
>
> -struct asid_info
> -{
> - atomic64_t generation;
> - unsigned long *map;
> - atomic64_t __percpu *active;
> - u64 __percpu *reserved;
> - u32 bits;
> - raw_spinlock_t lock;
> - /* Which CPU requires context flush on next call */
> - cpumask_t flush_pending;
> - /* Number of ASID allocated by context (shift value) */
> - unsigned int ctxt_shift;
> - /* Callback to locally flush the context. */
> - void (*flush_cpu_ctxt_cb)(void);
> -} asid_info;
> -
> -#define active_asid(info, cpu) *per_cpu_ptr((info)->active, cpu)
> -#define reserved_asid(info, cpu) *per_cpu_ptr((info)->reserved, cpu)
> -
> static DEFINE_PER_CPU(atomic64_t, active_asids);
> static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, reserved_asids);
>
> -#define ASID_MASK(info) (~GENMASK((info)->bits - 1, 0))
> -#define NUM_ASIDS(info) (1UL << ((info)->bits))
> -
> -#define ASID_FIRST_VERSION(info) NUM_ASIDS(info)
> -
> #ifdef CONFIG_UNMAP_KERNEL_AT_EL0
> #define ASID_PER_CONTEXT 2
> #else
> #define ASID_PER_CONTEXT 1
> #endif
>
> -#define NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info) (NUM_ASIDS(info) >> (info)->ctxt_shift)
> -#define asid2idx(info, asid) (((asid) & ~ASID_MASK(info)) >> (info)->ctxt_shift)
> -#define idx2asid(info, idx) (((idx) << (info)->ctxt_shift) & ~ASID_MASK(info))
> +struct asid_info asid_info;
>
> /* Get the ASIDBits supported by the current CPU */
> static u32 get_cpu_asid_bits(void)
> @@ -102,178 +77,6 @@ void verify_cpu_asid_bits(void)
> }
> }
>
> -static void flush_context(struct asid_info *info)
> -{
> - int i;
> - u64 asid;
> -
> - /* Update the list of reserved ASIDs and the ASID bitmap. */
> - bitmap_clear(info->map, 0, NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info));
> -
> - for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
> - asid = atomic64_xchg_relaxed(&active_asid(info, i), 0);
> - /*
> - * If this CPU has already been through a
> - * rollover, but hasn't run another task in
> - * the meantime, we must preserve its reserved
> - * ASID, as this is the only trace we have of
> - * the process it is still running.
> - */
> - if (asid == 0)
> - asid = reserved_asid(info, i);
> - __set_bit(asid2idx(info, asid), info->map);
> - reserved_asid(info, i) = asid;
> - }
> -
> - /*
> - * Queue a TLB invalidation for each CPU to perform on next
> - * context-switch
> - */
> - cpumask_setall(&info->flush_pending);
> -}
> -
> -static bool check_update_reserved_asid(struct asid_info *info, u64 asid,
> - u64 newasid)
> -{
> - int cpu;
> - bool hit = false;
> -
> - /*
> - * Iterate over the set of reserved ASIDs looking for a match.
> - * If we find one, then we can update our mm to use newasid
> - * (i.e. the same ASID in the current generation) but we can't
> - * exit the loop early, since we need to ensure that all copies
> - * of the old ASID are updated to reflect the mm. Failure to do
> - * so could result in us missing the reserved ASID in a future
> - * generation.
> - */
> - for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
> - if (reserved_asid(info, cpu) == asid) {
> - hit = true;
> - reserved_asid(info, cpu) = newasid;
> - }
> - }
> -
> - return hit;
> -}
> -
> -static u64 new_context(struct asid_info *info, atomic64_t *pasid)
> -{
> - static u32 cur_idx = 1;
> - u64 asid = atomic64_read(pasid);
> - u64 generation = atomic64_read(&info->generation);
> -
> - if (asid != 0) {
> - u64 newasid = generation | (asid & ~ASID_MASK(info));
> -
> - /*
> - * If our current ASID was active during a rollover, we
> - * can continue to use it and this was just a false alarm.
> - */
> - if (check_update_reserved_asid(info, asid, newasid))
> - return newasid;
> -
> - /*
> - * We had a valid ASID in a previous life, so try to re-use
> - * it if possible.
> - */
> - if (!__test_and_set_bit(asid2idx(info, asid), info->map))
> - return newasid;
> - }
> -
> - /*
> - * Allocate a free ASID. If we can't find one, take a note of the
> - * currently active ASIDs and mark the TLBs as requiring flushes. We
> - * always count from ASID #2 (index 1), as we use ASID #0 when setting
> - * a reserved TTBR0 for the init_mm and we allocate ASIDs in even/odd
> - * pairs.
> - */
> - asid = find_next_zero_bit(info->map, NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info), cur_idx);
> - if (asid != NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info))
> - goto set_asid;
> -
> - /* We're out of ASIDs, so increment the global generation count */
> - generation = atomic64_add_return_relaxed(ASID_FIRST_VERSION(info),
> - &info->generation);
> - flush_context(info);
> -
> - /* We have more ASIDs than CPUs, so this will always succeed */
> - asid = find_next_zero_bit(info->map, NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info), 1);
> -
> -set_asid:
> - __set_bit(asid, info->map);
> - cur_idx = asid;
> - return idx2asid(info, asid) | generation;
> -}
> -
> -static void asid_new_context(struct asid_info *info, atomic64_t *pasid,
> - unsigned int cpu);
> -
> -/*
> - * Check the ASID is still valid for the context. If not generate a new ASID.
> - *
> - * @pasid: Pointer to the current ASID batch
> - * @cpu: current CPU ID. Must have been acquired throught get_cpu()
> - */
> -static void asid_check_context(struct asid_info *info,
> - atomic64_t *pasid, unsigned int cpu)
> -{
> - u64 asid, old_active_asid;
> -
> - asid = atomic64_read(pasid);
> -
> - /*
> - * The memory ordering here is subtle.
> - * If our active_asid is non-zero and the ASID matches the current
> - * generation, then we update the active_asid entry with a relaxed
> - * cmpxchg. Racing with a concurrent rollover means that either:
> - *
> - * - We get a zero back from the cmpxchg and end up waiting on the
> - * lock. Taking the lock synchronises with the rollover and so
> - * we are forced to see the updated generation.
> - *
> - * - We get a valid ASID back from the cmpxchg, which means the
> - * relaxed xchg in flush_context will treat us as reserved
> - * because atomic RmWs are totally ordered for a given location.
> - */
> - old_active_asid = atomic64_read(&active_asid(info, cpu));
> - if (old_active_asid &&
> - !((asid ^ atomic64_read(&info->generation)) >> info->bits) &&
> - atomic64_cmpxchg_relaxed(&active_asid(info, cpu),
> - old_active_asid, asid))
> - return;
> -
> - asid_new_context(info, pasid, cpu);
> -}
> -
> -/*
> - * Generate a new ASID for the context.
> - *
> - * @pasid: Pointer to the current ASID batch allocated. It will be updated
> - * with the new ASID batch.
> - * @cpu: current CPU ID. Must have been acquired through get_cpu()
> - */
> -static void asid_new_context(struct asid_info *info, atomic64_t *pasid,
> - unsigned int cpu)
> -{
> - unsigned long flags;
> - u64 asid;
> -
> - raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&info->lock, flags);
> - /* Check that our ASID belongs to the current generation. */
> - asid = atomic64_read(pasid);
> - if ((asid ^ atomic64_read(&info->generation)) >> info->bits) {
> - asid = new_context(info, pasid);
> - atomic64_set(pasid, asid);
> - }
> -
> - if (cpumask_test_and_clear_cpu(cpu, &info->flush_pending))
> - info->flush_cpu_ctxt_cb();
> -
> - atomic64_set(&active_asid(info, cpu), asid);
> - raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&info->lock, flags);
> -}
> -
> void check_and_switch_context(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned int cpu)
> {
> if (system_supports_cnp())
> @@ -305,38 +108,6 @@ static void asid_flush_cpu_ctxt(void)
> local_flush_tlb_all();
> }
>
> -/*
> - * Initialize the ASID allocator
> - *
> - * @info: Pointer to the asid allocator structure
> - * @bits: Number of ASIDs available
> - * @asid_per_ctxt: Number of ASIDs to allocate per-context. ASIDs are
> - * allocated contiguously for a given context. This value should be a power of
> - * 2.
> - */
> -static int asid_allocator_init(struct asid_info *info,
> - u32 bits, unsigned int asid_per_ctxt,
> - void (*flush_cpu_ctxt_cb)(void))
> -{
> - info->bits = bits;
> - info->ctxt_shift = ilog2(asid_per_ctxt);
> - info->flush_cpu_ctxt_cb = flush_cpu_ctxt_cb;
> - /*
> - * Expect allocation after rollover to fail if we don't have at least
> - * one more ASID than CPUs. ASID #0 is always reserved.
> - */
> - WARN_ON(NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info) - 1 <= num_possible_cpus());
> - atomic64_set(&info->generation, ASID_FIRST_VERSION(info));
> - info->map = kcalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(NUM_CTXT_ASIDS(info)),
> - sizeof(*info->map), GFP_KERNEL);
> - if (!info->map)
> - return -ENOMEM;
> -
> - raw_spin_lock_init(&info->lock);
> -
> - return 0;
> -}
> -
> static int asids_init(void)
> {
> u32 bits = get_cpu_asid_bits();
> @@ -344,7 +115,7 @@ static int asids_init(void)
> if (!asid_allocator_init(&asid_info, bits, ASID_PER_CONTEXT,
> asid_flush_cpu_ctxt))
> panic("Unable to initialize ASID allocator for %lu ASIDs\n",
> - 1UL << bits);
> + NUM_ASIDS(&asid_info));
>
> asid_info.active = &active_asids;
> asid_info.reserved = &reserved_asids;
>

--
Julien Grall

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