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SubjectRe: [PATCH] mm: msync: require either MS_ASYNC or MS_SYNC
On 2014-04-03 04:25, Michael Kerrisk (man-pages) wrote:
> [CC += Peter Zijlstra]
> [CC += bug-readline@gnu.org -- maintainers, it _may_ be desirable to
> fix your msync() call]

I didn't see bug-readline@gnu.org in the CC list -- did you forget to
add them, or were they BCC'd?

>> * Clearer intentions. Looking at the existing code and the code
>> history, the fact that flags=0 behaves like flags=MS_ASYNC appears
>> to be a coincidence, not the result of an intentional choice.
>
> Maybe. You earlier asserted that the semantics when flags==0 may have
> been different, prior to Peter Zijstra's patch,
> https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=204ec841fbea3e5138168edbc3a76d46747cc987
> .
> It's not clear to me that that is the case. But, it would be wise to
> CC the developer, in case he has an insight.

Good idea, thanks.

> But, even if you could find and fix every application that misuses
> msync(), new kernels with your proposed changes would still break old
> binaries. Linus has made it clear on numerous occasions that kernel
> changes must not break user space. So, the change you suggest is never
> going to fly (and Christoph's NAK at least saves Linus yelling at you
> ;-).)

OK -- that's a good enough reason for me.

> I think the only reasonable solution is to better document existing
> behavior and what the programmer should do.

Greg mentioned the possibility of syslogging a warning the first time a
process uses msync() with neither flag set. Another alternative would
be to do this in userspace: modify the {g,u}libc shims to log a warning
to stderr.

And there's yet another alternative that's probably a bad idea but I'll
toss it out anyway: I'm not very familiar with the Linux kernel, but
the NetBSD kernel defines multiple versions of some syscalls for
backward-compatibility reasons. A new non-backward-compatible version
of an existing syscall gets a new syscall number. Programs compiled
against the latest headers use the new version of the syscall but old
binaries still get the old behavior. I imagine folks would frown upon
doing something like this in Linux for msync() (create a new version
that EINVALs if neither flag is specified), but it would be a way to
migrate toward a portability-friendly behavior while maintaining
compatibility with existing binaries. (Sloppy userspace programs would
still need to be fixed, so this would still "break userspace".)

> With that in mind, I've
> drafted the following text for the msync(2) man page:
>
> NOTES
> According to POSIX, exactly one of MS_SYNC and MS_ASYNC must be
> specified in flags. However, Linux permits a call to msync()
> that specifies neither of these flags, with semantics that are
> (currently) equivalent to specifying MS_ASYNC. (Since Linux
> 2.6.19, MS_ASYNC is in fact a no-op, since the kernel properly
> tracks dirty pages and flushes them to storage as necessary.)
> Notwithstanding the Linux behavior, portable, future-proof appli‐
> cations should ensure that they specify exactly one of MS_SYNC
> and MS_ASYNC in flags.
>
> Comments on this draft welcome.

I agree with Greg's reply to this note. How about this text instead:

Exactly one of MS_SYNC and MS_ASYNC must be specified in flags.
If neither flag is set, the behavior is unspecified.

I'll follow up with a new patch that explicitly defaults to MS_ASYNC (to
document the desire to maintain compaitibility and to prevent unexpected
problems if msync() is ever overhauled again).

Thanks,
Richard

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