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SubjectRe: [BUG] sysfs on 2.5.48 unable to remove files while in use

> Very cool. Bitkeeper is one of those things I never bothered
> with yet (mainly because I feel some comfortable with CVS.)
> It looks like it might be worth going through ramp-up time
> on bk to keep up with changes to the kernel.

There are also nightly snapshots, though I don't recall the URL off the
top of my head..

> > It seems that having a pure sysfs implementation would be superior,
> > instead of having to use a character device to write to. After looking
> > into this, I realize that a couple of pieces of infrastructure are needed,
> > so I'm working on that, and will post a modified version of your module
> > once I'm done..
>
> I look forward to seeing it.

Ok, there are basically two parts to it: the required modifications to
sysfs and your updated module.

The appended patch adds the support to sysfs be defining struct
subsys_attribute for declaring attributes of subsystems themselves, as
well as the needed helpers for creation/teardown and read/write.

I've attached a replacement for noisy.c that creates a sysfs file named
'ctl' that handles addition and deletion of nprobes, similar to the char
device you had created. From the top of the file:

/*
* Noisy Interface for Linux
*
* This driver allows arbitrary printk's to be inserted into
* executing kernel code by using the new kprobes interface.
* A message is attached to an address, and when that address
* is reached, the message is printed.
*
* This uses a sysfs control file to manage a list of probes.
* The sysfs directory is at
*
* /sys/noisy/
*
* and the control is named 'ctl'.
*
* A Noisy Probe can be added by echoing into the file, like:
*
* $ echo "add <address> <message>" > /sys/noisy/ctl
*
* where <address> is the address to break on, and <message>
* is the message to print when the address is reached.
*
* Probes can be removed by doing:
*
* $ echo "del <address>" > /sys/noisy/ctl
*
* where <address> is the address of the probe.
*
* The probes themselves get a directory under /sys/noisy/, and
* the name of the directory is the address of the probe. Each
* probe directory contains one file ('message') that contains
* the message to be printed. (More may be added later).
*/

I've tried to comment the changes and the necessary steps in making this
work.

[ Note: While I'm generally happy with the way things work, I realize that
it still requires a decent amount of overhead in using the sysfs interface
(see the file). I'll be looking into shrinking this...]

Everything seems to work..

> It looks like the patch is against the bk tree, and does not apply cleanly
> to
> strait 2.5.48. I don't know how much has changed to sysfs/inode.c, but
> I can see where the last hunk is looking too far up, so I'll try it anyway.

Ah yes, I forgot there was a patch applied to sysfs since 2.5.48. I've
included everything since 2.5.48 in the one I've appended.


-pat

===== fs/sysfs/inode.c 1.60 vs 1.67 =====
--- 1.60/fs/sysfs/inode.c Sat Nov 16 15:01:34 2002
+++ 1.67/fs/sysfs/inode.c Thu Nov 21 17:01:53 2002
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
* Please see Documentation/filesystems/sysfs.txt for more information.
*/

+#undef DEBUG
+
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
@@ -87,16 +89,17 @@
return inode;
}

-static int sysfs_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode, int dev)
+static int sysfs_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode, dev_t dev)
{
struct inode *inode;
int error = 0;

if (!dentry->d_inode) {
inode = sysfs_get_inode(dir->i_sb, mode, dev);
- if (inode)
+ if (inode) {
d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
- else
+ dget(dentry);
+ } else
error = -ENOSPC;
} else
error = -EEXIST;
@@ -142,17 +145,43 @@
return error;
}

-static int sysfs_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+#define to_subsys(k) container_of(k,struct subsystem,kobj)
+#define to_sattr(a) container_of(a,struct subsys_attribute,attr)
+
+/**
+ * Subsystem file operations.
+ * These operations allow subsystems to have files that can be
+ * read/written.
+ */
+ssize_t subsys_attr_show(struct kobject * kobj, struct attribute * attr,
+ char * page, size_t count, loff_t off)
{
- struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
- down(&inode->i_sem);
- dentry->d_inode->i_nlink--;
- up(&inode->i_sem);
- d_invalidate(dentry);
- dput(dentry);
- return 0;
+ struct subsystem * s = to_subsys(kobj);
+ struct subsys_attribute * sattr = to_sattr(attr);
+ ssize_t ret = 0;
+
+ if (sattr->show)
+ ret = sattr->show(s,page,count,off);
+ return ret;
}

+ssize_t subsys_attr_store(struct kobject * kobj, struct attribute * attr,
+ const char * page, size_t count, loff_t off)
+{
+ struct subsystem * s = to_subsys(kobj);
+ struct subsys_attribute * sattr = to_sattr(attr);
+ ssize_t ret = 0;
+
+ if (sattr->store)
+ ret = sattr->store(s,page,count,off);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+static struct sysfs_ops subsys_sysfs_ops = {
+ .show = subsys_attr_show,
+ .store = subsys_attr_store,
+};
+
/**
* sysfs_read_file - read an attribute.
* @file: file pointer.
@@ -173,17 +202,11 @@
sysfs_read_file(struct file *file, char *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
struct attribute * attr = file->f_dentry->d_fsdata;
- struct sysfs_ops * ops = NULL;
- struct kobject * kobj;
+ struct sysfs_ops * ops = file->private_data;
+ struct kobject * kobj = file->f_dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata;
unsigned char *page;
ssize_t retval = 0;

- kobj = file->f_dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata;
- if (kobj && kobj->subsys)
- ops = kobj->subsys->sysfs_ops;
- if (!ops || !ops->show)
- return 0;
-
if (count > PAGE_SIZE)
count = PAGE_SIZE;

@@ -234,16 +257,11 @@
sysfs_write_file(struct file *file, const char *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
struct attribute * attr = file->f_dentry->d_fsdata;
- struct sysfs_ops * ops = NULL;
- struct kobject * kobj;
+ struct sysfs_ops * ops = file->private_data;
+ struct kobject * kobj = file->f_dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata;
ssize_t retval = 0;
char * page;

- kobj = file->f_dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata;
- if (kobj && kobj->subsys)
- ops = kobj->subsys->sysfs_ops;
- if (!ops || !ops->store)
- return 0;

page = (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
if (!page)
@@ -275,21 +293,77 @@
return retval;
}

-static int sysfs_open_file(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
+static int check_perm(struct inode * inode, struct file * file)
{
- struct kobject * kobj;
+ struct kobject * kobj = kobject_get(file->f_dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata);
+ struct attribute * attr = file->f_dentry->d_fsdata;
+ struct sysfs_ops * ops = NULL;
int error = 0;

- kobj = filp->f_dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata;
- if ((kobj = kobject_get(kobj))) {
- struct attribute * attr = filp->f_dentry->d_fsdata;
- if (!attr)
- error = -EINVAL;
- } else
- error = -EINVAL;
+ if (!kobj || !attr)
+ goto Einval;
+
+ /* if the kobject has no subsystem, then it is a subsystem itself,
+ * so give it the subsys_sysfs_ops.
+ */
+ if (kobj->subsys)
+ ops = kobj->subsys->sysfs_ops;
+ else
+ ops = &subsys_sysfs_ops;
+
+ /* No sysfs operations, either from having no subsystem,
+ * or the subsystem have no operations.
+ */
+ if (!ops)
+ goto Eaccess;
+
+ /* File needs write support.
+ * The inode's perms must say it's ok,
+ * and we must have a store method.
+ */
+ if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
+
+ if (!(inode->i_mode & S_IWUGO))
+ goto Eperm;
+ if (!ops->store)
+ goto Eaccess;
+
+ }
+
+ /* File needs read support.
+ * The inode's perms must say it's ok, and we there
+ * must be a show method for it.
+ */
+ if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ) {
+ if (!(inode->i_mode & S_IRUGO))
+ goto Eperm;
+ if (!ops->show)
+ goto Eaccess;
+ }
+
+ /* No error? Great, store the ops in file->private_data
+ * for easy access in the read/write functions.
+ */
+ file->private_data = ops;
+ goto Done;
+
+ Einval:
+ error = -EINVAL;
+ goto Done;
+ Eaccess:
+ error = -EACCES;
+ goto Done;
+ Eperm:
+ error = -EPERM;
+ Done:
return error;
}

+static int sysfs_open_file(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
+{
+ return check_perm(inode,filp);
+}
+
static int sysfs_release(struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
{
struct kobject * kobj = filp->f_dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata;
@@ -541,7 +615,8 @@
/* make sure dentry is really there */
if (victim->d_inode &&
(victim->d_parent->d_inode == dir->d_inode)) {
- sysfs_unlink(dir->d_inode,victim);
+ simple_unlink(dir->d_inode,victim);
+ d_delete(victim);
}
}
up(&dir->d_inode->i_sem);
@@ -599,19 +674,16 @@
list_for_each_safe(node,next,&dentry->d_subdirs) {
struct dentry * d = list_entry(node,struct dentry,d_child);
/* make sure dentry is still there */
- if (d->d_inode)
- sysfs_unlink(dentry->d_inode,d);
+ if (d->d_inode) {
+ simple_unlink(dentry->d_inode,d);
+ d_delete(dentry);
+ }
}

- d_invalidate(dentry);
- if (simple_empty(dentry)) {
- dentry->d_inode->i_nlink -= 2;
- dentry->d_inode->i_flags |= S_DEAD;
- parent->d_inode->i_nlink--;
- }
up(&dentry->d_inode->i_sem);
- dput(dentry);
-
+ d_invalidate(dentry);
+ simple_rmdir(parent->d_inode,dentry);
+ d_delete(dentry);
up(&parent->d_inode->i_sem);
dput(parent);
}
@@ -622,4 +694,3 @@
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sysfs_remove_link);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sysfs_create_dir);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(sysfs_remove_dir);
-MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");/*
* Noisy Interface for Linux
*
* This driver allows arbitrary printk's to be inserted into
* executing kernel code by using the new kprobes interface.
* A message is attached to an address, and when that address
* is reached, the message is printed.
*
* This uses a sysfs control file to manage a list of probes.
* The sysfs directory is at
*
* /sys/noisy/
*
* and the control is named 'ctl'.
*
* A Noisy Probe can be added by echoing into the file, like:
*
* $ echo "add <address> <message>" > /sys/noisy/ctl
*
* where <address> is the address to break on, and <message>
* is the message to print when the address is reached.
*
* Probes can be removed by doing:
*
* $ echo "del <address>" > /sys/noisy/ctl
*
* where <address> is the address of the probe.
*
* The probes themselves get a directory under /sys/noisy/, and
* the name of the directory is the address of the probe. Each
* probe directory contains one file ('message') that contains
* the message to be printed. (More may be added later).
*
* Copyright (C) 2002 Rusty Lynch <rusty@linux.intel.com>
*/

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/kobject.h>

/* exported by arch/YOURARCH/kernel/traps.c */
extern int valid_kernel_address(unsigned long);

#define MAX_MSG_SIZE 128

#define to_nprobe(entry) container_of(entry,struct nprobe,kobj.entry);

static DECLARE_MUTEX(noisy_sem);
static struct subsystem noisy_subsys;

/*
* struct nrpobe: data structure for managing list of probe points
*/
struct nprobe {
struct kprobe probe;
char message[MAX_MSG_SIZE + 1];
struct kobject kobj;
};

/*
* Probe handlers.
* Only one is used (pre) to print the message out.
*/
static void noisy_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *r)
{
struct nprobe *c = container_of(p, struct nprobe, probe);
printk(KERN_CRIT "%s: %s\n", __FUNCTION__, c->message);
}

static void noisy_post_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *r,
unsigned long flags)
{ }

static int noisy_fault_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *r, int trapnr)
{
/* Let the kernel handle this fault */
return 0;
}


/*
* struct noisy_attribute - used for defining probe attributes, with a
* typesafe show method.
*/
struct noisy_attribute {
struct attribute attr;
ssize_t (*show)(struct nprobe *,char *,size_t,loff_t);
};


/**
* noisy_attr_show - forward sysfs read call to proper handler.
* @kobj: kobject of probe being acessed.
* @attr: generic attribute portion of struct noisy_attribute.
* @page: buffer to write into.
* @count: number of bytes requested.
* @off: offset into buffer.
*
* This is called from sysfs and is necessary to convert the generic
* kobject into the right type, and to convert the attribute into the
* right attribute type.
*/

static ssize_t noisy_attr_show(struct kobject * kobj, struct attribute * attr,
char * page, size_t count, loff_t off)
{
struct nprobe * n = container_of(kobj,struct nprobe,kobj);
struct noisy_attribute * noisy_attr = container_of(attr,struct noisy_attribute,attr);
return noisy_attr->show ? noisy_attr->show(n,page,count,off) : 0;
}

/*
* noisy_sysfs_ops - sysfs operations for struct nprobes.
*/
static struct sysfs_ops noisy_sysfs_ops = {
.show = noisy_attr_show,
};


/* Default Attribute - the message to print out. */
static ssize_t noisy_message_read(struct nprobe * n, char * page, size_t count, loff_t off)
{
return off ? 0: snprintf(page,MAX_MSG_SIZE,"%s\n",n->message);
}

static struct noisy_attribute attr_message = {
.attr = { .name = "message", .mode = S_IRUGO },
.show = noisy_message_read,
};

/* Declare array of default attributes to be added when an nprobe is added */
static struct attribute * default_attrs[] = {
&attr_message.attr,
NULL,
};


/* Declare noisy_subsys for addition to sysfs */
static struct subsystem noisy_subsys = {
.kobj = { .name = "noisy" },
.default_attrs = default_attrs,
.sysfs_ops = &noisy_sysfs_ops,
};


/*
* noisy ctl attribute.
* This is declared as an attribute of the subsystem, and added in
* noisy_init().
*
* Reading this attribute dumps all the registered noisy probes.
* Writing to it either adds or deletes a noisy probe, as described at
* the beginning of the file.
*/
static ssize_t ctl_show(struct subsystem * s, char * page, size_t count, loff_t off)
{
char * str = page;
int ret = 0;

down(&noisy_sem);
if (!off) {
struct list_head * entry, * next;
list_for_each_safe(entry,next,&noisy_subsys.list) {
struct nprobe * n = to_nprobe(entry);
if ((ret + MAX_MSG_SIZE) > PAGE_SIZE)
break;
str += snprintf(str,PAGE_SIZE - ret,"%p: %s\n",
n->probe.addr,n->message);
ret = str - page;
}
}
up(&noisy_sem);
return ret;
}

static int add(unsigned long addr, char * message)
{
struct nprobe * n;
int error = 0;

if (!valid_kernel_address(addr))
return -EFAULT;

n = kmalloc(sizeof(struct nprobe),GFP_KERNEL);
if (!n)
return -ENOMEM;
memset(n,0,sizeof(struct nprobe));

n->probe.addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *)addr;
strncpy(n->message,message,MAX_MSG_SIZE);
n->probe.pre_handler = noisy_pre_handler;
n->probe.post_handler = noisy_post_handler;
n->probe.fault_handler = noisy_fault_handler;

/* Doing this manually will be unnecessary soon. */
kobject_init(&n->kobj);
n->kobj.subsys = &noisy_subsys;
snprintf(n->kobj.name, KOBJ_NAME_LEN, "%p", n->probe.addr);

if ((error = register_kprobe(&n->probe))) {
printk(KERN_ERR "Unable to register probe at %p\n",
(n->probe).addr);
goto Error;
}
if ((error = kobject_register(&n->kobj))) {
unregister_kprobe(&n->probe);
goto Error;
}
goto Done;
Error:
kfree(n);
Done:
return error;
}

static int del(unsigned long addr)
{
struct list_head * entry;
struct nprobe * n;

list_for_each(entry,&noisy_subsys.list) {
n = to_nprobe(entry);
if ((unsigned long)(n->probe.addr) == addr) {
kobject_unregister(&n->kobj);
unregister_kprobe(&n->probe);
return 0;
}
}
return -EFAULT;
}

static ssize_t ctl_store(struct subsystem * s, const char * page, size_t count, loff_t off)
{
char message[MAX_MSG_SIZE];
char ctl[16];
unsigned long addr;
int num;
int error;
int ret = 0;

down(&noisy_sem);
if (off)
goto Done;
num = sscanf(page,"%15s 0x%lx %128s",ctl,&addr,message);
if (!num) {
error = -EINVAL;
goto Done;
}
if (!strcmp(ctl,"add") && num == 3)
error = add(addr,message);
else if (!strcmp(ctl,"del") && num == 2)
error = del(addr);
else
error = -EINVAL;
ret = error ? error : count;
Done:
up(&noisy_sem);
return ret;
}

static struct subsys_attribute subsys_attr_ctl = {
.attr = { .name = "ctl", .mode = 0644 },
.show = ctl_show,
.store = ctl_store,
};


static int __init noisy_init(void)
{
subsystem_register(&noisy_subsys);
subsys_create_file(&noisy_subsys,&subsys_attr_ctl);
return 0;
}

static void __exit noisy_exit (void)
{
subsys_remove_file(&noisy_subsys,&subsys_attr_ctl);
subsystem_unregister(&noisy_subsys);
}

module_init(noisy_init);
module_exit(noisy_exit);

MODULE_AUTHOR("Rusty Lynch");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
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